ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea maka o nā mea refractory no nā mea bismuth ʻaʻole plastik, a he paʻakikī ke hana iā lākou i nā huahana semi-hoʻopau ʻia e lākou iho. No laila, pono e hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻopaʻa organik waho a i ʻole kahi mea hoʻopaʻa inorganic a i ʻole kahi mea hoʻopaʻa hui ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea maka refractory kūikawā like ʻole i ka batching koʻikoʻi a pololei e hana i kahi mea lepo me ka hoʻolaha like ʻana o nā ʻāpana, ka hoʻolaha like ʻana o ka wai, kekahi plasticity a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me nā huahana semi-hoʻopau. Pono e hoʻohana i kahi kaʻina hana me ka pono kiʻekiʻe, ka hopena hui maikaʻi a me ka hui kūpono.
(1) Hoʻohālikelike ʻāpana
Hiki ke hana ʻia ka billet (lepo) i huahana me ka nui o ka nui ma ke koho ʻana i kahi ʻano kūpono o nā ʻāpana. Ma ke kumumanaʻo, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kahi sphere hoʻokahi o nā ʻīniha like ʻole a me nā mea like ʻole, a ua like like ka nui o ka nui. I kēlā me kēia hihia, ʻo ka porosity he 38% ± 1%. No laila, no ka pōpō hoʻokahi, ʻo kona nui a me ka porosity he kūʻokoʻa ia i ka nui o ka pōpō a me nā waiwai o ka mea, a ua hoʻopaʻa mau ʻia i loko o ke ʻano hexagonal me ka helu hoʻohui o 8.
ʻO ke ʻano hoʻopaʻa kumumanaʻo o kahi ʻāpana hoʻokahi o ka nui like he cube, kahi kolamu oblique hoʻokahi, kahi kolamu oblique hui pū ʻia, kahi ʻano pyramidal, a me kahi tetrahedron. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano hoʻopaʻa like ʻole o ka sphere nui like ma ke Kiʻi 24. Hōʻike ʻia ka pilina ma waena o ke ʻano waiho ʻana o nā ʻāpana hoʻokahi a me ka porosity ma ka Papa 2-26.
I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka mea a hoʻemi i ka porosity, hoʻohana ʻia kahi sphere o ka nui like ʻole o nā ʻāpana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻohui ʻia kekahi helu o nā spheres liʻiliʻi i ka sphere nui e hoʻonui i ka haku mele ʻana o ka sphere, a ua hōʻike ʻia ka pilina ma waena o ka nui i noho ʻia e ka sphere a me ka porosity ma ka papa. 2-27.
Me nā mea hoʻohui clinker, ʻo nā ʻāpana coarse he 4.5 mm, ʻo nā ʻāpana waena he 0.7 mm, ʻo nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi he 0.09 mm, a ua hōʻike ʻia ka loli o ka porosity clinker o ka clinker ma ke Kiʻi 2-5.
Mai ke Kiʻi 2-5, ʻo nā ʻāpana coarse he 55% ~ 65%, ʻo nā ʻāpana medium he 10% ~ 30%, a ʻo ka pauka maikaʻi he 15% ~ 30%. Hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka porosity apparent i 15.5%. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hoʻoponopono pono ʻia nā mea hoʻohui o nā mea refractory kūikawā e like me nā waiwai kino a me ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana o nā mea.
(2) Mea hoʻopaʻa no nā huahana kūpaʻa kūikawā
Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka mea refractory kūikawā a me ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe, ʻo nā mea hoʻopaʻa e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia:
(1) Ke ʻano hana Grouting, gum arabic, polyvinyl butyral, hydrazine methyl cellulose, sodium acrylate, sodium alginate, a me nā mea like.
(2) Ke ʻano ʻomi, me nā lubricants, glycols,
ʻO ka waiʻona Polyvinyl, methyl cellulose, starch, dextrin, maltose a me ka glycerin.
(3) ʻO ke ʻano hoʻokomo wax wela, ʻo nā mea hoʻopaʻa: paraffin wax, beeswax, lubricants: oleic acid, glycerin, stearic acid a me nā mea like.
(4) Ke ʻano hoʻolei ʻana, mea hoʻopaʻa: methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic; plasticizer: polyethylene glycol, dioctane Phosphoric acid, dibutyl peroxide, a pēlā aku; mea hoʻopuehu: glycerin, oleic acid; mea hoʻoheheʻe: ethanol, acetone, toluene, a me nā mea like.
(5) ʻO ke ʻano hoʻokomo, hiki i ka resin thermoplastic polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, acetyl cellulose, propylene resin, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ke hoʻomehana i ka resin phenolic paʻakikī; lubricant: stearic acid.
(6) Ke ʻano kaomi Isostatic, polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai ʻōpala pulp sulfite, phosphate a me nā paʻakai inorganic ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hana ai i nā pellets.
(7) Ke ʻano paʻi, methyl cellulose, dextrin, polyvinyl alcohol, wai ʻōpala pulp sulfite, syrup a i ʻole nā paʻakai inorganic like ʻole; wai ʻōpala pulp sulfite, methyl cellulose, gum arabic, dextrin a i ʻole nā paʻakai waikawa inorganic a me inorganic, e like me ka phosphoric acid a i ʻole phosphates.
(3) Nā mea hoʻohui no nā huahana kūpaʻa kūikawā
I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kekahi mau waiwai o nā huahana refractory kūikawā, e kāohi i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke ʻano kristal o ka ʻatikala, e hoʻemi i ka mahana puhi o ka ʻatikala, a hoʻohui i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka hui ʻana i ka lako. ʻO kēia mau hui ʻana he mau oxide metala nui, nā oxide ʻaʻole metala, nā oxide metala honua kakaikahi, nā fluorides, nā borides a me nā phosphates. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 1% ~ 3% boric acid (H2BO3) i ka γ-Al2O3 hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka hoʻololi ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o 1% a i 2% TiO2 i Al2O3 hiki ke hoʻemi nui i ka mahana puhi (ma kahi o 1600 ° C). ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o TiO2, Al2O3, ZiO2, a me V2O5 i MgO e hoʻoulu i ka ulu ʻana o nā hua cristobalite a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mahana puhi o ka huahana. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o CaO, MgO, Y2O3 a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe i ka mea maka ZrO2 hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o kahi hopena paʻa cubic zirconia i paʻa mai ka mahana o ka lumi a i 2000 °C ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe.
(4) Ke ʻano hana a me nā lako no ka hoʻohuihui ʻana
ʻAno kāwili maloʻo
ʻO ka mīkini hoʻohuihui ikaika i hana ʻia e Shandong Konyle he 0.05 ~ 30m3 ka nui, kūpono no ke kāwili ʻana i nā pauka like ʻole, nā granules, nā flakes a me nā mea viscosity haʻahaʻa, a ua lako pū me kahi mea hoʻohui a pīpī wai.
2. Ke ʻano hui pulu
Ma ke ʻano kāwili pulu maʻamau, ua kau ʻia nā mea hoʻohui o nā mea maka like ʻole i loko o kahi mea hui honua i lako me kahi liner pale no ka wili maikaʻi. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka slurry, hoʻohui ʻia kahi plasticizer a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e hoʻoponopono i ka nui o ka lepo, a ua kāwili maikaʻi ʻia ka hui ʻana i loko o kahi mea hui lepo planetary shaft vertical, a ua granulated a hoʻomaloʻo ʻia i loko o kahi mea hoʻomaloʻo granulation spray.
Mea hoʻohuihui honua
3. Ke ʻano hana hoʻohuihui palakiko
I mea e hana ai i kahi ʻano hana hoʻohuihui maʻalahi loa no kahi huahana blank refractory kūikawā i kūpono no ka hana ʻana i ka plastic a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i ka sludge. Ma kēia ʻano hana, ua hui maikaʻi ʻia nā mea maka like ʻole, nā mea hoʻohui, nā plasticizer, a me nā lubricants a me ka wai ma kahi mea hoʻohuihui planetary, a laila hui pū ʻia a hui pū ʻia ma kahi mea hoʻohuihui ikaika kiʻekiʻe e wehe i nā pehu i loko o ka lepo. I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka plasticity o ka lepo, ua hui pū ʻia ka lepo me ka mea stale, a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka lepo i ka hui ʻelua ma ka mīkini lepo ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. Hana ʻo Koneile i nā mea hoʻohuihui kiʻekiʻe a ikaika e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei:
Mea hoʻohuihui kūpono a ikaika hoʻi
Mea hoʻohuihui kū'ē
4. Ke ʻano kāwili semi-maloʻo
Kūpono no nā ʻano kāwili ʻana me ka haʻahaʻa o ka makū. Pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano kāwili semi-maloʻo no nā huahana refractory kūikawā i hana ʻia e ka mīkini e nā mea granular (nā mea ʻekolu pae coarse, medium a me fine). Lawe ʻia nā mea hoʻohui i loko o kahi mea kāwili one, kahi wili pulu, kahi mea kāwili planetary a i ʻole kahi mea kāwili i hoʻoikaika ʻia.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana kāwili ʻana, ʻo ia ke kāwili maloʻo mua i nā ʻano granules like ʻole, e hoʻohui i ka hopena wai e loaʻa ana ka mea hoʻopaʻa (inorganic a organic paha), a hoʻohui i ka pauka maikaʻi i kāwili ʻia (me ke kōkua kuni, ka mea hoʻonui, a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe). Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia ka mea hana. ʻO ka manawa kāwili maʻamau he 20 ~ 30min. Pono ka lepo i kāwili ʻia e pale i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka nui o nā ʻāpana a pono e hoʻolaha like ʻia ka wai. Inā pono, pono e hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia ka mea lepo i ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai.
Hoʻomalu ʻia ka nui o ka wai o ka lepo huahana i hana ʻia ma ka paʻi ma 2.5% a i 4%; hoʻomalu ʻia ka nui o ka wai o ka huahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ke ʻano lepo ma 4.5% a i 6.5%; a hoʻomalu ʻia ka nui o ka wai o ka huahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka haʻalulu ma 6% a i 8%.
(1) Hana loea o ka moʻo CMP o nā mea hoʻohuihui honua hoʻohana ikehu i hana ʻia e Kone.
(2) Hana loea o ka mīkini hui one pulu
5. Ke ʻano kāwili lepo
ʻO ke ʻano kāwili lepo no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana keramika refractory kūikawā, ʻoi aku ka slurry lepo no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka gypsum injection, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka injection. ʻO ke ʻano hana, ʻo ia ke kāwili ʻana i nā mea maka like ʻole, nā mea hoʻoikaika, nā mea hoʻokuʻu, nā mea hoʻohui a me 30% a 40% o ka wai maʻemaʻe i loko o kahi wili pōpō (wili kāwili) me ka uhi pale ʻaʻahu, a kāwili a wili ma hope o kekahi manawa. , i hana ʻia i slurry lepo no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. I ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i ka lepo, pono e kāohi i ka nui a me ka pH o ka lepo e like me nā ʻano mea a me nā koi o ka hoʻolei lepo ponoʻī.
Mea hoʻohuihui ikaika countercurrent
ʻO nā mea hana nui i hoʻohana ʻia i ke ʻano kāwili lepo he wili pōpō, kahi mea hoʻopili ea, kahi wehe hao pulu, kahi pamu lepo, kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe vacuum, a me nā mea like.
6. Ke ʻano hoʻohuihui hoʻomehana
He mau mea paʻa (a i ʻole viscous) nā mea hoʻopaʻa paraffin a me ka resin ma ka mahana maʻamau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohuihui ʻia ma ka mahana o ka lumi, a pono e hoʻomehana ʻia a hui pū ʻia.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka paraffin ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe make wela. No ka mea, ʻo ke kiko heheʻe o ka wax paraffin he 60 ~ 80 °C, ua hoʻomehana ʻia ka wax paraffin a ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 °C i ka hui ʻana a he wai maikaʻi kona. A laila hoʻohui ʻia ka pauka maka maikaʻi i ka paraffin wai, a ma hope o ka hui piha ʻana a me ka hui ʻana, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka mea. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka keke wax ma ka hoʻoheheʻe make wela.
ʻO ka mea hoʻohuihui nui no ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka hui ʻana he mea hoʻonāueue wela.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻOkakopa-20-2018
