Yawancin kayan da aka yi amfani da su wajen yin kayan bismuth marasa filastik ne, kuma yana da wuya a sarrafa su zuwa samfuran da aka gama da kansu. Saboda haka, ya zama dole a yi amfani da kayan haɗin halitta na waje ko kayan haɗin da ba su da tsari ko kayan haɗin gauraye. Ana yin amfani da kayan haɗin halitta na musamman daban-daban masu tsauri da daidaito don yin kayan laka tare da rarraba barbashi iri ɗaya, rarraba ruwa iri ɗaya, wasu plasticity da samfuran da aka yi amfani da su cikin sauƙi da waɗanda aka gama da su. Ya zama dole a ɗauki tsarin samarwa mai inganci, ingantaccen tasirin haɗawa da kuma haɗawa mai dacewa.
(1) Daidaita ƙwayoyin cuta
Ana iya yin billet (laka) ya zama samfuri mai girman girman girma ta hanyar zaɓar abun da ya dace da ƙwayoyin cuta. A ka'ida, an gwada yanki mai girman girma ɗaya na inci daban-daban da kayayyaki daban-daban, kuma yawan girman ya kasance iri ɗaya. A kowane hali, girman ramin ya kasance 38% ± 1%. Saboda haka, ga ƙwallon girma ɗaya, yawan girmansa da porosity ɗinsa ba su dogara da girman ƙwallon da halayen kayan ba, kuma koyaushe ana tara su a cikin siffar hexagonal tare da lambar daidaitawa ta 8.
Hanyar tattara ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya mai girman iri ɗaya tana da siffar kubu, ginshiƙi ɗaya mai siffar kubu, ginshiƙi mai siffar kubu, siffar pyramidal, da tetrahedron. An nuna hanyoyi daban-daban na tattara ƙwayoyin cuta iri ɗaya a cikin Hoto na 24. Alaƙar da ke tsakanin hanyar ajiye ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya da kuma ramuka a cikin Tebur na 2-26.
Domin ƙara yawan kayan da kuma rage girmansu, ana amfani da wani yanki mai girman barbashi mara daidaito, wato, ana ƙara wasu ƙananan ƙwallo a cikin babban ƙwallo don ƙara yawan ƙwallo, kuma an nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin girman da ƙwallo ke ɗauke da shi da kuma ƙwallo a cikin teburi. 2-27.
Tare da sinadaran clinker, ƙananan barbashi masu kauri sune 4.5 mm, ƙananan barbashi masu matsakaicin tsayi sune 0.7 mm, ƙananan barbashi sune 0.09 mm, kuma an nuna canjin porosity na clinker a Hoto na 2-5.
Daga Hoto na 2-5, ƙananan ƙwayoyin suna da kashi 55% ~ 65%, matsakaicin ƙwayoyin suna da kashi 10% ~ 30%, kuma ƙaramin foda shine kashi 15% ~ 30%. Ana iya rage girman ramukan da ke bayyana zuwa kashi 15.5%. Tabbas, ana iya daidaita sinadaran kayan da ke hana ruwa shiga ta musamman yadda ya kamata bisa ga halayen zahiri da siffar ƙwayoyin.
(2) Wakilin haɗin gwiwa don samfuran musamman masu tsaurin ra'ayi
Dangane da nau'in kayan da aka yi amfani da su na musamman da kuma hanyar ƙera su, abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su sune:
(1) Hanyar grouting, gum arabic, polyvinyl butyral, hydrazine methyl cellulose, sodium acrylate, sodium alginate, da makamantansu.
(2) Hanyar matsewa, gami da man shafawa, glycols,
Alcohol na polyvinyl, methyl cellulose, sitaci, dextrin, maltose da glycerin.
(3) Hanyar allurar kakin zuma mai zafi, abubuwan da ke ɗaurewa sune: kakin paraffin, kakin zuma, man shafawa: oleic acid, glycerin, stearic acid da makamantansu.
(4) Hanyar yin siminti, wakilin haɗawa: methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic; mai plasticizer: polyethylene glycol, dioctane Phosphoric acid, dibutyl peroxide, da sauransu; wakilin watsawa: glycerin, oleic acid; mai narkewa: ethanol, acetone, toluene, da makamantansu.
(5) Hanyar allura, polyethylene mai resin thermoplastic, polystyrene, polypropylene, acetyl cellulose, resin propylene, da sauransu, suma suna iya dumama resin phenolic mai tauri; mai shafawa: stearic acid.
(6) Hanyar matsewa ta Isostatic, polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, ta amfani da ruwan sharar ɓangaren litattafan sulfite, phosphate da sauran gishirin da ba na halitta ba yayin ƙirƙirar ƙwayoyin halitta.
(7) Hanyar press, methyl cellulose, dextrin, polyvinyl alcohol, ruwa na sharar ɓangaren litattafan sulfite, syrup ko gishirin da ba na halitta ba; ruwa na sharar ɓangaren litattafan sulfite, methyl cellulose, gum arabic, dextrin ko gishirin inorganic da inorganic acid, kamar phosphoric acid ko phosphates.
(3) Hadin kayan abinci don samfuran musamman masu hana ruwa gudu
Domin inganta wasu halaye na samfuran da ba su da ƙarfi, a kula da canza siffar lu'ulu'u na kayan, a rage zafin wuta na kayan, sannan a ƙara ƙaramin adadin kayan haɗin a cikin kayan. Waɗannan kayan haɗin galibi sune ƙarfe oxides, ba ƙarfe oxides ba, rare earth metal oxides, fluorides, borides da phosphates. Misali, ƙara 1% ~ 3% boric acid (H2BO3) zuwa γ-Al2O3 na iya haɓaka juyawa. Ƙara 1% zuwa 2% TiO2 zuwa Al2O3 na iya rage zafin wuta sosai (kimanin 1600 ° C). Ƙara TiO2, Al2O3, ZiO2, da V2O5 zuwa MgO yana haɓaka haɓakar hatsin cristobalite kuma yana rage zafin wuta na samfurin. Ƙara CaO, MgO, Y2O3 da sauran ƙari ga kayan ZrO2 za a iya yin su zuwa maganin cubic zirconia mai ƙarfi wanda yake da karko daga zafin ɗaki zuwa 2000 ° C bayan maganin zafi mai yawa.
(4) Hanya da kayan aiki don haɗawa
Hanyar haɗa busasshiyar
Injin haɗakar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi da Shandong Konyle ke samarwa yana da girman 0.05 ~ 30m3, wanda ya dace da haɗa nau'ikan foda, granules, flakes da kayan da ba su da ɗanɗano, kuma yana da na'urar ƙara ruwa da fesawa.
2. Hanyar haɗa jika
A tsarin hadawa da ruwa na gargajiya, ana sanya sinadaran kayan masarufi daban-daban a cikin injin hadawa na duniya wanda aka sanya masa layin kariya don nika mai kyau. Bayan an yi slurry, ana ƙara mai tacewa da sauran kayan hadewa don daidaita yawan laka, sannan a haɗa cakuda sosai a cikin injin hadawa na laka mai tsayi, sannan a yayyafa shi a busar da shi a cikin injin busar da kayan feshi.
Injin haɗa taurari
3. Hanyar haɗa filastik
Domin samar da wata hanya ta haɗa abubuwa masu yawa don wani abu na musamman mai hana ruwa shiga wanda ya dace da ƙirƙirar filastik ko kuma samar da laka. A cikin wannan hanyar, ana haɗa abubuwa daban-daban na asali, abubuwan haɗawa, masu tace filastik, da mai da ruwa sosai a kan mahaɗin duniya, sannan a haɗa su a haɗa su a kan mahaɗin mai ƙarfi don cire kumfa a cikin laka. Domin inganta yanayin laka, ana haɗa laka da kayan da suka tsufa, kuma ana yin amfani da laka a karo na biyu a kan injin laka kafin a yi masa ƙera. Koneile yana samar da mahaɗi masu inganci da ƙarfi kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa:
Injin haɗawa mai inganci da ƙarfi
Injin haɗa wutar lantarki
4. Hanyar haɗawa ta rabin busasshe
Ya dace da hanyoyin haɗawa tare da ƙarancin danshi. Ana buƙatar amfani da hanyar haɗawa ta rabin busasshe don samfuran musamman masu hana ruwa shiga waɗanda aka samar da su ta hanyar injina ta hanyar sinadarai masu kauri (kayan aiki masu kauri, matsakaici da ƙanana masu matakai uku). Ana yin sinadaran a cikin injin haɗa yashi, injin niƙa mai danshi, injin haɗa duniya ko injin haɗa mai tilastawa.
Tsarin haɗawa shine a fara busar da nau'ikan granules daban-daban, a ƙara ruwan da ke ɗauke da manne (wanda ba shi da sinadarai ko na halitta), sannan a ƙara foda mai laushi (gami da na'urar ƙonawa, wakilin faɗaɗawa, da sauran abubuwan ƙari). An haɗa mannewar sosai. Lokacin haɗawa gabaɗaya shine minti 20 ~ 30. Laka da aka haɗa ya kamata ta hana rabuwar girman ƙwayoyin cuta kuma ruwan ya kamata ya kasance a rarraba shi daidai gwargwado. Idan ya cancanta, ya kamata a rufe kayan laka yadda ya kamata yayin ƙera.
Ana sarrafa danshi na laka da aka yi da matsewa daga kashi 2.5% zuwa 4%; ana sarrafa danshi na samfurin da aka yi da matsewa daga kashi 4.5% zuwa 6.5%; kuma ana sarrafa danshi na samfurin da aka yi da matsewa daga kashi 6% zuwa 8%.
(1) Aikin fasaha na jerin CMP na mahaɗan duniya masu amfani da makamashi wanda Kone ya samar.
(2) Aikin fasaha na mahaɗin yashi mai jika
5. Hanyar haɗa laka
Hanyar haɗa laka ita ce samar da samfuran yumbu na musamman masu hana ruwa shiga, musamman laka don yin gypsum injection molding, simintin siminti da kuma yin allurar smoking. Hanyar aiki ita ce a haɗa kayan aiki daban-daban, masu ƙarfafawa, masu dakatarwa, kayan haɗin da kashi 30% zuwa 40% na ruwa mai tsabta a cikin injin niƙa mai ƙwallo (injin haɗawa) tare da rufin da ba ya jure lalacewa, sannan a gauraya a niƙa bayan wani lokaci. , wanda aka yi shi da laka don yin smoking. A yayin yin laka, ya zama dole a sarrafa yawan laka da pH bisa ga halayen kayan da buƙatun smoking laka da kansa.
Mai haɗa mahaɗi mai ƙarfi na countercurrent
Babban kayan aikin da ake amfani da su wajen haɗa laka sune injin niƙa ƙwallo, na'urar sanya iska, na'urar cire ƙarfe mai danshi, na'urar cire laka, na'urar cire injin tsotsa, da makamantansu.
6. Hanyar hadawa da dumama
Abubuwan ɗaurewa na paraffin da resin abubuwa ne masu ƙarfi (ko ƙazanta) a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun, kuma ba za a iya haɗa su a yanayin zafi na ɗaki ba, kuma dole ne a dumama su a gauraya su.
Ana amfani da paraffin a matsayin abin ɗaurewa yayin amfani da tsarin jefa ƙura mai zafi. Saboda wurin narkewar kakin paraffin yana da zafin 60 ~ 80 °C, ana dumama kakin paraffin zuwa sama da 100 °C a cikin haɗawar kuma yana da ruwa mai kyau. Sannan ana ƙara ɗanɗanon foda mai kyau a cikin paraffin na ruwa, kuma bayan an haɗa shi gaba ɗaya, ana shirya kayan. Ana samar da kek ɗin kakin ta hanyar jefa ƙura mai zafi.
Babban kayan haɗin da ake amfani da shi don dumama haɗin shine mai kunna wutar lantarki mai zafi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-20-2018
